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Record 19.31% efficiency with organic solar cells
Researchers have achieved a breakthrough power-conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.31% with organic solar cells (OSCs), also known as polymer solar cells. This remarkable binary OSC efficiency will help enhance applications of these advanced solar energy devices. 06/01/2023 04:02 PM
Little-known microbes could help predict climate tipping points
Rising temperatures could push ocean plankton and other single-celled creatures toward a carbon tipping point that fuels more warming. The carbon-eaters could become carbon-emitters. But new research shows it's also possible to detect early distress signals before they get there. 06/01/2023 04:02 PM
Multiple species of semi-aquatic dinosaur may have roamed pre-historic Britain
Palaeontologists studying a British dinosaur tooth have concluded that several distinct groups of spinosaurs -- dinosaurs with fearsome crocodile-like skulls -- inhabited southern England over 100 million years ago. 06/01/2023 04:01 PM
Deep-brain stimulation during sleep strengthens memory
New research provides the first physiological evidence from inside the human brain supporting the dominant scientific theory on how the brain consolidates memory during sleep. Further, deep-brain stimulation during a critical time in the sleep cycle appeared to improve memory consolidation. 06/01/2023 03:59 PM
Astrophysicists confirm the faintest galaxy ever seen in the early universe
After the Big Bang, the universe expanded and cooled sufficiently for hydrogen atoms to form. In the absence of light from the first stars and galaxies, the universe entered a period known as the cosmic dark ages. The first stars and galaxies appeared several hundred million years later and began burning away the hydrogen fog left over from the Big Bang, rendering the universe transparent, like it is today. Researchers have now confirmed the existence of a distant, faint galaxy typical of those whose light burned through the hydrogen atoms; the finding should help them understand how the cosmic dark ages ended. 06/01/2023 03:57 PM
You can make carbon dioxide filters with a 3D printer
Researchers demonstrated that it's possible to make carbon dioxide capture filters using 3D printing. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Why do some people live to be 100? Intestinal bacteria may hold the answer
Some people live longer than others -- possibly due to a unique combination of bacteria in their intestines, new research concludes. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
A protein mines, sorts rare earths better than humans, paving way for green tech
Rare earth elements, like neodymium and dysprosium, are a critical component to almost all modern technologies, from smartphones to hard drives, but they are notoriously hard to separate from the Earth's crust and from one another. Scientists have discovered a new mechanism by which bacteria can select between different rare earth elements, using the ability of a bacterial protein to bind to another unit of itself, or 'dimerize,' when it is bound to certain rare earths, but prefer to remain a single unit, or 'monomer,' when bound to others. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Open-analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors provides robust data resource for childhood cancer research
Researchers have partnered to create a first-of-its-kind open-source, reproducible analysis platform for pediatric brain tumors. With the help of thousands of genomically sequenced samples, researchers have used this platform to identify initial findings about genetic variants associated with poorer outcomes that could help guide future diagnostic and therapeutic advances. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
First X-ray of a single atom
Scientists have taken the world's first X-ray SIGNAL (or SIGNATURE) of just one atom. This groundbreaking achievement could revolutionize the way scientists detect the materials. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Phenomenal phytoplankton: Scientists uncover cellular process behind oxygen production
According to new research, the amount of oxygen in one of 10 breaths was made possible thanks to a newly identified cellular mechanism that promotes photosynthesis in marine phytoplankton. The new study identifies how a proton pumping enzyme (known as VHA) aids in global oxygen production and carbon fixation from phytoplankton. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Can we learn to think further ahead?
Chess grandmasters are often held up as the epitome of thinking far ahead. But can others, with a modest amount of practice, learn to think further ahead? In addressing this question, a team of cognitive scientists has created a computational model that reveals our ability to plan for future events. The work enhances our understanding of the factors that affect decision-making and shows how we can boost our planning skills through practice. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Further link identified between autoimmunity and schizophrenia
Links have been reported between schizophrenia and proteins produced by the immune system that can act against one's own body, known as autoantibodies. Researchers have now identified autoantibodies that target a 'synaptic adhesion protein' in a subset of patients with schizophrenia. When injected into mice, the autoantibodies caused many schizophrenia-related changes. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
A nanocrystal shines on and off indefinitely
Optical probes have led to numerous breakthroughs in applications like optical memory, nanopatterning, and bioimaging, but existing options have limited lifespans and will eventually 'photobleach.' New work demonstrates a promising, longer-lasting alternative: ultra-photostable avalanching nanoparticles that can turn on and off indefinitely in response to near-infrared light from simple lasers. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
NIRISS instrument on Webb maps an ultra-hot Jupiter's atmosphere
There's an intriguing exoplanet out there -- 400 light-years out there -- that is so tantalizing that astronomers have been studying it since its discovery in 2009. One orbit for WASP-18 b around its star that is slightly larger than our Sun takes just 23 hours. There is nothing like it in our Solar System. A new study about this exoplanet, an ultra-hot gas giant 10 times more massive than Jupiter. 05/31/2023 03:01 PM
Tracking early signs of Alzheimer's pathology in a mouse model
About two-thirds of the risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD) is thought to arise from genetic influences, but about a third could be influenced by environment and lifestyle, opening the door for behavioral interventions that could delay or prevent pathophysiological changes that occur with AD. Now a new study in a mouse model of AD examines the effects of environmental enrichment on AD symptom progression and pathology. 05/31/2023 03:00 PM
Under pressure: Foundations of stellar physics and nuclear fusion investigated
Research using the world's most energetic laser has shed light on the properties of highly compressed matter -- essential to understanding the structure of giant planets and stars, and to develop controlled nuclear fusion, a process that could harvest carbon-free energy. 05/31/2023 03:00 PM
Geneticists discover hidden 'whole genome duplication' that may explain why some species survived mass extinctions
Geneticists have unearthed a major event in the ancient history of sturgeons and paddlefish that has significant implications for the way we understand evolution. They have pinpointed a previously hidden 'whole genome duplication' (WGD) in the common ancestor of these species, which seemingly opened the door to genetic variations that may have conferred an advantage around the time of a major mass extinction some 200 million years ago. 05/31/2023 03:00 PM
Crossing the ring: New method enables C-H activation across saturated carbocycles
Chemists add another powerful tool to their 'molecular editing' toolkit for crafting pharmaceuticals and other valuable compounds. 05/31/2023 03:00 PM
Study leads to milestone advances in understanding lethal bronzing of palm trees
Scientists have identified a key chemical associated with lethal bronzing (LB) infected palm trees. LB is a bacterial disease that kills more than 20 species of palm trees in the Southern United States and Caribbean and has been devastating the Florida green industries for nearly two decades. 05/31/2023 03:00 PM
from ScienceDaily
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